Cancer treatment has advanced enormously with surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted agents, and immunotherapy saving and extending many lives. Yet patients often experience significant side effects from fatigue, pain, nausea, anxiety, and poor quality of life. Depending on where you go for your cancer treatments, they may not really address the use of complimentary practices.
This Blurb is aimed at educating you, so you’ll know where integrative oncology comes into play if you or a loved one gets cancer. You’ll want to be able to combine evidence-based complementary therapies with standard cancer care to support symptom relief, improve well-being, and enhance overall outcomes. Not too shabby an outcome!
Please keep in mind that integrative therapies are not substitutes for curative treatments. They are meant to support those treatments. As a matter of fact, the research strongly supports using them alongside conventional care but not in place of it.
So, I’m not talking about rejecting standard cancer therapy but adding to it.
Let’s Start With What Integrative Oncology Is
Integrative oncology blends conventional cancer treatments with complementary modalities that have scientific evidence of benefit. Some of these approaches include:
• Mind-body practices (yoga, meditation, tai chi)
• Acupuncture
• Structured exercise programs
• Nutrition and lifestyle interventions
• Digital integrative health programs
The goal of all of these is to treat the whole person by alleviating symptoms, improving function, and enhancing quality of life throughout the cancer treatment process.
Let’s Look at Some of the Key Research Findings
1. Improved Symptom Management
What can you do about Fatigue, Anxiety, Depression & The Feeling of Quality of Life?
There was a meta-analysis done of 34 randomized controlled trials involving 3,010 cancer patients. The researchers found that complementary and integrative medicine significantly improved the patients’ health-related quality of life compared to the control groups. The patients reported measurable improvements across physical, emotional, and functional areas.
Another study was a randomized trial of a digital integrative program, which included exercise and mindfulness meditation for patients with solid tumors who were experiencing fatigue.
The results from this study:
• Fatigue severity decreased significantly more in the integrative group than in controls
• Symptom distress, anxiety, and depression were also significantly reduced.
• Emergency department visits were nearly 50% lower in the integrative group (Now, that’s a major cost difference as well!)
Additionally, customized integrative oncology programs have also been associated with significant reductions in anxiety and depression scores at six weeks in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
2. Acupuncture for Cancer-Related Symptoms
Using acupuncture also showed evidence of clinically meaningful effects for several treatment-related symptoms from Chemo, such as Pain and Fatigue:
• Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: A 2005 meta-analysis of 11 studies totaling 1,247 patients found that acupuncture stimulation reduced acute vomiting by about 18%.
• Pain and fatigue: A randomized clinical trial in patients with advanced cancer found that both acupuncture and massage were associated with reductions in pain, fatigue, and insomnia over 26 weeks, compared with the usual care approach.
Other controlled trials in breast cancer patients have shown statistically significant improvements in fatigue and psychological well-being with acupuncture when compared to the usual care.
3. Exercise and Lifestyle Changes
Exercise and lifestyle changes are also key elements of integrative oncology, and they both have shown strong evidence of benefit:
• In a landmark study of colon cancer survivors, a structured exercise program was associated with significantly higher survival over eight years: 90.3% survival in the exercise group vs. 83.2% in a general health education group. (while not an enormous difference, which group would you have preferred to have been in?)
• A major international trial reported that cancer patients who followed a structured exercise program after treatment had a 28% lower risk of cancer recurrence or new cancer at five years and a 37% lower risk of death over eight years compared with those who received only lifestyle advice.
Besides long-term outcomes, there was a comprehensive review of 80 moderate-to-high-quality studies that found that physical activity significantly reduced chemotherapy-associated side effects, including nerve and heart damage, cognitive impairment, which we label as brain fog, and shortness of breath, while also improving mental well-being and sleep quality.
4. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Interventions
A large systematic review and network meta-analysis of 37 studies involving 3,268 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy found that non-pharmacological TCM interventions (e.g., acupuncture, auricular therapy, moxibustion) combined with standard care significantly improved gastrointestinal function and quality of life outcomes compared with medication alone.
Getting on the Integrative Approach Train
The evidence base for integrative oncology continues to grow, with many studies like the ones I’ve talked about showing statistically significant benefits in symptom control and quality of life. Also, the emerging data suggests that there are potential effects on survival and recurrence when integrative lifestyle programs are included in care plans.
So…what’s not to like when integrative oncology offers evidence-based strategies that can help cancer patients feel better, function better, and potentially live longer when combined with conventional care. If you know someone with cancer, you might want to pass this Blurb onto them.